Which of the following is an example of a Data Control Language statement?

Which of the following is an example of a Data Control Language statement?

• A. SELECT
• B. INSERT INTO
• C. ALTER
• D. GRANT

Answer: (D)

Data Control Language statements manage who can do what with the data. GRANT is the classic example because it assigns permissions (like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE) to users or roles, controlling access to database objects. The other options belong to different categories: SELECT is used to query data (and is considered DML or DQL in many classifications), INSERT INTO adds data (DML), and ALTER changes the structure of database objects (DDL). So GRANT uniquely represents permission control, which is the essence of Data Control Language.

Data Control Language statements manage who can do what with the data. GRANT is the classic example because it assigns permissions (like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE) to users or roles, controlling access to database objects. The other options belong to different categories: SELECT is used to query data (and is considered DML or DQL in many classifications), INSERT INTO adds data (DML), and ALTER changes the structure of database objects (DDL). So GRANT uniquely represents permission control, which is the essence of Data Control Language.